A Problem Of Constant Procrastination - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 373 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/06/14 Category Psychology Essay Level High school Tags: Procrastination Essay Did you like this example? Have you ever put something aside and forget about it only to remember it at the last second? This my friend is Procrastination, a very annoying little thing that if left unattended to can become a massive problem. Procrastination can tear your life apart! -Dangers Procrastination Can Pose Procrastination if not dealt with can have negative effects on your life and health! One of the most common ways that procrastination affects people is through Fatigue. Sleep deprivation and rushing to keep up with deadlines will tire you out and can lead to both physical and mental exhaustion. Procrastination can have effects on relationships too, missed deadlines and appointments can wear on both physical and professional relationships. Another consequence can be career setbacks Chronic procrastination keeps individuals from realizing their full professional potential, delaying if not derailing career progress. These are only a few of the many consequences of procrastination. -How to Over Come Procrastination Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Problem Of Constant Procrastination" essay for you Create order The first step to overcoming procrastination is stepping back and figuring out whatrs effecting you in other words identify your own habits. If you can pinpoint where or what distracts you it will be a good place to start making some changes. Breaking up whatrs stressing you out into bite-sized pieces will help you not to feel overwhelmed. Another important thing to remember is that perfectionism is the partner in crime to procrastination no oners perfect it doesnt matter if the thing you were working on didnt meet your expectations all that matters is if you get it done. Flexing your schedule is important as well, make your schedules less restricting and more compatible some days will be busier than others but you dont have to get worked up over 100 things. Rewarding yourself is a good thing too celebrate small victories for having finished your tasks, the reward may be a short break/snack or maybe a pick me up coffee from the cafe. Consequently, those who leave procrastination unattended will fall victim to some pretty big problems. These problems will appear small at first but will give people a surprise when they have some job or even health problems in their way. Only those who willingly fight free from its grasp will be a better and changed person.

Video Games and Child Development Good Or Bad Essays

Video Games and Child Development: Good? Or Bad? It’s no doubt that video games are very influential toward a younger audience. But, what people fail to realize is, that a game can seem influential to one person, but have no effect on another. The level of influence a game has on a person, depends on their mental state, and their perception of reality; however, it still can also have a positive effect on these individuals. To people that know the difference between pixels on a screen and actual living and breathing organisms, the effects are tremendously beneficial. Games increase reaction time, critical thinking, goal setting; Improve hand eye coordination, and have many other things to benefit a person life. Video games are, all in all,†¦show more content†¦A study in Washington showed that playing violent video games can make some adolescents more hostile, particularly those who are less agreeable, less conscientious and easily angered. But for others, it may offer opportunities to learn new skills and improve so cial networking. APA (2010, June). Looking back on that study, they used the word some, those some, being children with existing problems doing what they’re required to do, generally don’t have much of a conscience, and have existing anger or temper problems. More than not, it offers them an opportunity to learn a new skill such as; Problem solving, reflexes, goal setting, hand-eye coordination, and many more skills for survival. Violent video games can improve social networking simply because, most violent video games have the option to go online and be on and work with a team, leading to better communication skills, team-working, and cooperation with others. Video game provide very useful distractions It has been stated by Ferguson, Dr. CJ. (2010, June) that â€Å"young adults—male and female—who play violent video games long-term handle stress better than non-playing adults and become less depressed and less hostile following a stressful task.† (â€Å"European Psychologist† 2010, Volume 15.) This canShow MoreRelatedGame over: the Effects of Violent Video Games on Children Essay1416 Words   |  6 PagesGame Over: The effects of Violent Video Games on Children Seven hours. That is the amount of hours a day the average American child plays a video games (Anderson 354), and with technology advancing and games becoming more graphic, the concern over a violent game’s effect over a child’s development is growing. What does playing video games for seven hours do to a child’s development? Violent, role-playing video games adversely affects a child’s development and causes aggression in children and adolescents;Read MoreVideo Games Affecting Youth1177 Words   |  5 Pagesspend most of their time playing video games and this could reflect a negative role in a child’s bad behaviors. Nearly all children, especially in the United States, have or have had a video game console or some type of electronic device that contain video games. Video games in general are not to be blamed but a certain category that majority of the gamers play is called violent video games. Adolescents and children are revealed to violent gam es could have a bad influence which should be controlledRead MoreVideo Games are our Downfall Essay1404 Words   |  6 PagesVideo Games are our Downfall People say so much is wrong with our generation, but no one knows what causes all the problems; they do not know whether or not it is a national, government related or just the family-oriented problems. Whether it is lack of discipline or bad parenting, it may be both of those things. But, it just can not be the problem it has to be a cluster of problems. The biggest problem in the cluster is video games. They offer a great escape from reality and are very entertainingRead MoreThe Effects Of Video Games On Our Lives1355 Words   |  6 Pagesnerves effecting your ability to see or exercise? Many people have differing opinions on this subject. I personally think that video games can greatly impact your lives in a positive manner, but they can also destroy your lives. Videogames altering your intelligence making you less sophisticated, or time consuming making people over weight? The advantage of playing video games can be proven in its ability to enhance learning, hand-eye coordinatio n, and can help to reduce feelings of stress and angerRead MoreVideo Games Have A Negative Influence On Young People1600 Words   |  7 Pagessociety often depict video games to have a negative influence on young people. However, playing video games is more beneficial than people would think. Playing video games have many advantages, such as they help increase and develop cognitive functions, mental health, and more often than most they are educational. Gee, James Paul. What Video Games Have to Teach Us About Learning and Literacy. Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. This book looks at the educational level of what video games have to teach us. GeeRead MoreThe Importance Of Video Games1354 Words   |  6 PagesIn today’s society video games have a large influence on people. We also might be driven to the point of where we are dependent on them. In fact, being so engulfed in video games could help children become more focused.In fact, parents would probably disagree and say that video games wouldn’t be essential to learning because it would probably be considered a waste of time for children and time-consuming. Parents would also disagree with the content of what is in the game, but there is a great possibilityRead MoreHow Technology Can Benefit A Child s Cognitive Development1061 Words   |  5 Pagesreading an electronic book. The truth is, that there are more positives than negatives when children use technology. There is fear that if children use too much technology they will not have proper development especially cognitively. This paper will show how technology can benefit a child’s cognitive development. One benefit is young children can learn how to read while using a device whether it is a computer, tablet, or cellphone instead of reading a regular book. On these devices, there are applicationsRead MoreThe Future Of Videogames And How Will They Affect Us829 Words   |  4 Pagesand how will they affect us. There is research on cons of videogames, the present and the future of videogames, the advantages, how videogames beneficial. Although many people say videogames are bad for children this paper states that they can actually help. It also states that videogames are not as bad as some adults’ think they are. Right now I play videogames at my house and I sit on the couch but sometimes I wonder how videogames would help us in the future. How would videogamesRead MoreVideo Games Help Children With Special Educational Needs1542 Words   |  7 Pages This paper explains how video games help children with special educational needs, should children have certain technologies (I.e. phones, tablets, etc.) readily available, and what children enjoy about playing video games. [METHODS?] The findings from this research are that children s fascination in video games, whether with typical development or not, mainly involves the thrill of challenges and the feeling of achievement when winning. When playing video games, children do learn alternate waysRead MoreVideo Games Have A Negative Influence On Young People1376 Words   |  6 Pagessociety often depicts video games to have a negative influence on young people. However, playing video games is more beneficial than people would think. Playing video games has many advantages, such as they help increase and develop cognitive functions, mental health, and more often than most they are educational. Gee, James Paul. What Video Games Have to Teach Us About Learning and Literacy. Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. This book looks at the educational level of what video games have to teach us. Gee

Classification Essay Example For Students

Classification Essay Classification in biology, is the identification, naming, and groupingof organisms into a formal system. The vast numbers of living forms arenamed and arranged in an orderly manner so that biologists all over theworld can be sure they know the exact organism that is being examinedand discussed. Groups of organisms must be defined by the selection ofimportant characteristics, or shared traits, that make the members ofeach group similar to one another and unlike members of other groups. Modern classification schemes also attempt to place groups intocategories that will reflect an understanding of the evolutionaryprocesses underlying the similarities and differences among organisms. Such categories form a kind of pyramid, or hierarchy, in which thedifferent levels should represent the different degrees of evolutionaryrelationship. The hierarchy extends upward from several million species,each made up of individual organisms that are closely related, to a fewkingdoms, each containing large assemblages of organisms, many of whichare only distantly related. Carolus Linnaeus is probably the single most dominant figure insystematic classification. Born in 1707, he had a mind that was orderlyto the extreme. People sent him plants from all over the world, and hewould devise a way to relate them. At the age of thirty-two he was theauthor of fourteen botanical works. His two most famous were GeneraPlantarum, developing an artificial sexual system, and SpeciesPlantarum, a famous work where he named and classified every plant knownto him, and for the first time gave each plant a binomial. This binomial system was a vast improvement over some of the olddescriptive names for plants used formerly. Before Linnaeus, Catnip wasknown as: Nepeta floribus interrupte spicatis pedunculatis which is abrief description of the plant. Linnaeus named it Nepetacatariacataria meaning, pertaining to cats. The binomialnomenclature is not only more precise and standardized; it also relatesplants together, thus adding much interest and information in the name. For instance, Solanum relates the potato, the tomato and the Nightshade. Binomial ClassificationEarly on in naming species taxonomists realized that there would have tobe a universal system of nomenclature. A system that was not affected bylanguage barriers, and would also classify the millions of speciesthroughout the world. Binomial classification in its simplest form is away of naming a species by means of two names both in Latin. Latin wasoriginally used because it was the language of the founders of theclassification system, like Carolus Linnaeus, but it continues to beused presently because it is a dead language. This means that it is nolonger changing or evolving, so it stays the same and can be useduniversally, without confusion. Carolus Linnaeus (see Appendix A, Image1) first introduced binomial classification, which is why he is known asthe father of the modern day classification system. In Binomial classification the first name, which begins with a capitalletter is known as the Genus it is always capitalized. The genus is agroup of species more closely related to one another than any othergroup of species. The genus is more inclusive than the species becauseit often contains many species. The second part of the binomialrepresents the species itself and is always printed with all letters inlower case. A species is a group of individuals that are alike in manydifferent ways. Individuals are in the same species if they are:1. Are able to mate with those similar to themselves. 2. Produce young that are themselves able to reproduce. As an example, in the cat family, the genus Panthera is coupled with thespecies leo to form Panthera leo, the Lion. Likewise, Panthera iscoupled with tigris, to form Panthera tigris the Tiger. In simplifiedterns both the Lion(see Appendix A, image 2) and Tiger share commontraits and a common genus Panthera, whilst clearly remaining separatespecies. To allow further subdivision, the prefixes sub- and super- maybe added to any category. In addition, special intermediatecategories-such as branch (between kingdom and phylum), cohort (betweenclass and order), and tribe (between family and genus)-may be used incomplex classifications. .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a , .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a .postImageUrl , .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a , .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a:hover , .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a:visited , .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a:active { border:0!important; } .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a:active , .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufc6a17535561d3c96c57d3b304c34a0a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Academic Honesty EssayClosely related species are a genus, closely related genera (plural formof genus) are grouped together in a family. Closely related families aregrouped into an order, and so on, into more inclusive categories, orlevels in the classification hierarchy. Taxonomic Hierarchy Approximately one and a half million species have been classified andthere are estimates that over five million species remain to bediscovered. For biologists to order this mass of information, ascientific system called taxonomy was introduced. The basic idea is togroup species with similar characteristics together into families, andto group the families together into broader grouping s. To this end, thetaxonomic categories where devised, and they create the taxonomichierarchy. The hierarchy goes (with an example):*CategoriesExample KingdomAnimalia Phylum (Plural = Phyla)Cordata*In plants, this category is often called a division*ClassMammalia OrderCarnivora Family Canidae GenusCanis Species Lupus (the Wolf)Every species is in only one genus. Similarly, every genus is in onlyone family, and so forth up the hierarchy. The most inclusive categoryfor classifying groups of similar organisms is the Kingdom. It is arguedexactly how many Kingdoms there are though. Up until recently, only twokingdoms were generally used, the plant and animal kingdoms. Now howeverthere are 5 established kingdoms and one controversial unofficialkingdom. The 5 kingdoms:1. Kingdom Animalia (The Animal Kingdom) ex: Multi-cellular motile organisms, which feed heterotrophically(Humans) 2. Kingdom Plantae (The Plant Kingdom) ex: Multi-cellular organisms, which feed by photosynthesis (Tulips) 3. Kingdom Protista (The Protist Kingdom) ex: Protozoa and single-celled algae 4. Kingdom Fungi (The Fungus Kingdom) ex: Yeast 5. Kingdom Monera (The Monera Kingdom) ex: Bacteria and blue-green algae Parallel to these Kingdoms, but not included, are the Viruses. Theseare acellular entities with many of the properties of other life forms,but are genetically and structurally too dissimilar to the speciescategorized above to fit into that scheme of taxonomy. Although this system is complex and intricate at times, itsuniversality makes it a necessity. With out the system presently in usethe world would be years and years behind in their task to name all ofthe living organisms on earth. This system is great but it is alwayspossible that some new finding could cause the system to evolve tobecome more inclusive. This system is by no means set in stone, andLinnaeus would probably be astounded to see the way that it has evolvedsince his original system. Appendix ACarolus Linnaeus (Image1)Panthera leo (Image 2)BibliographyBerkely University. www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/linnaeus.html/Galbraith, Don. Understanding Biology. John Wiley and Sons. Toronto. 1989,Microsoft. Encarta Encyclopedia 97. Microsoft Corporation. 1997

Why did the Conservative Party split in 1846 Essay Example

Why did the Conservative Party split in 1846 Essay When Peel announced that he supported a repeal of the Corn Laws that protected the landed classes it resulted in his resignation and the split of the Conservative Party and arguably therefore Peel was the founder of modern Conservatism (Gash). However although the issue of repeal was the main issue that delivered the final blow to the party, as R Stewart states the rot had set in some years before. The Great Reform Act had created within the Conservatives a party of movement and a party of resistance. One was a more liberal type of conservatism, which aimed to appease to prevent the spread of democracy; the other was anti catholic and protectionist, the old conservatism. It was the clash of these two groupings that led to the eventual split in the party. The split although having many causes had its roots in reform but was pushed up into the sunlight by the arrogant actions of Peel. The repeal of the corn laws, if not the major cause, was most definitely the last straw that finally split the two sides of the party; as R. Stewart describes it for the Conservative party, repeal was a watershed. We will write a custom essay sample on Why did the Conservative Party split in 1846 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Why did the Conservative Party split in 1846 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Why did the Conservative Party split in 1846 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer To understand the way in which the suggestion of repeal of the corn laws by Peel led to the split in the party we must first look to the causes of the split in opinion between the those in favour of reform and the protectionists. It has been suggested by certain historians such as J. A Thomas that the split over the repeal generally was a class battle between the business and manufacturing classes who tended to favour repeal and the landed classes who tended to be against it due to the relative personal economic benefits that it would bring. However Professor Aydelotte disputes this, removing the issue of class; although he agrees with Thomas that there were a higher proportion of votes among non-landed members than among landed for repeal. However Thomas ignores the issues of party and constituency, within the Conservative party the landed section was not proportionately more opposed than the non-landed, however the section of Conservative MPs that represented the land was, therefore it could be argued that the Tory Mps were not voting for their own interests but that of their constituencies and thus bowing to public opinion, a result of reform? When looking at the national social and economic situations that could be argued led to the idea of repeal and thus party split, one must not ignore the Potato famine in Ireland and economic instability in certain parts of England and Scotland. They required a large amount of food at lower prices, removing the corn laws would enable this, Peels view on this can be seen in his memoirs The minister who foresaw that there would be cruel distress in Ireland from the scarcity of food, might surely advise the removal of restrictions on its import without incurring the reproach of treason and perfidy to his party connections. However many historians have challenged the view that it was the potato famine that made Peels decision to push through repeal, as Boyd Hilton points out in his journal Peel a reappraisal in which he regards the potato blight as merely a pretext for repeal and that it is clear that, some time before the first intimations of famine, repeal had emerged as an end in itsel f. Indeed Peels cabinet itself was not even convinced of the need for appeal following the potato blight. However Peel had seemingly made his mind up and one possible reason for this could have been the popular pressure of public opinion (such as the anti corn law league), this is a likely explanation, this liberal interpretation is highlighted by Hilton who describes it as seeing Peel as a slave not to intellectual fashion but public opinion. We have looked at the economic and social reasons for the differing opinions on the repeal and thus the split in the party but it is now important to look at the role the man who suggested the repeal played. Heavy blame can be placed on Peel not only on the single issue of repeal but also on most other major issues that led to the split of the Conservative party (however these will be addressed later). The most obvious reason blame can be placed on Peel is because it was Peel who was the leader of the government who suggested the repeal, which led to the split in the party. However to really understand why Peel is so much to blame for making the issue of repeal the final straw we must look at his actions leading up to his announcement that he supported repeal. When the Conservative government was elected to power in 1841 it was believed by most Conservative backbenchers to have been won because it and Peel pledged to maintain the Corn Laws and protect the landed class, it was the traditional Conservative doctrine. Evidence of this belief can be found at Benticks reaction to the election results First let me congratulate you (he wrote to Lord Lincoln) that the country has refused to be cajoled by the latest fabrication from the workshop of Whig trickery and delusion The Whig trickery and delusion he spoke of was of course the case for repeal. In fact even the Whigs believed that Peel was one hundred percent behind sustaining the Corn Laws, this can be seen in Lord Monmouths comment that the election of 1841 was being fought between, on one side a free trade party and on the other a protectionist one. It is clear to see from this evidence why so many members of the party felt betrayed by Peels apparently sudden u-turn on the issue of repeal, Benticks reaction clearly reflected the protectionist feeling of betrayal, describing Peel and his accomplices as no better than common cheats. politically lying and pledge breaking. Confidence in Peel was shaken so much not necessarily because he supported repeal (although of course this did play its part) but rather because of the manner in which he had seemingly committed treason against his party and the pride in which he seemed to take in declaring he had devised his scheme of repeal without caring whether or not he would receive the support of the backbenchers. It is this arrogan ce and failure to look to see the future consequences of his actions that made Peel such a danger to his party and inevitably was one of the reasons the split occurred. However there is the opinion amongst some historians that many at the time believed Conservative success at the elections in 1841 derived principally from confidence which the electorate placed in Peels administrative ability. Indeed the Tamworth Manifesto did not mention preserving the Corn Laws or protecting agricultural or landed interests but instead spoke of preserving the integrity of the two Houses of Parliament, the Monarchy and stability; as Gash states it was a constitutional and religious not a social and economic policy. Therefore the extent of Peels betrayal and the extent to which he is to blame may be bought into question, although the fact remains that Peel had publicly announced his support of the Corn Laws. As for the argument that Peel ignored his backbenchers thus causing substantial tension and eventual split; Stewart argues that since the days of Pitt there had been strain within the party between the business men of the cabinet and the squires of the backbenches. Perhaps then Peels arrogance towards the backbenchers was nothing out of the ordinary and we should be careful about how much blame we place on Peel. However Gash makes the important point that in the days of Pitt he could afford major defeats as he had the crown to fall back upon, but by the time of Peel parliament had far more authority in making the controversial administrative decisions and therefore Peel needed the support of his party. Perhaps if Peels actions and attitude towards the repeal of Corn Laws had been the only way in which he acted slightly tyrannically, as some of protectionists described his actions, then the party may not have become so unstable; however it was not. The other major issue in which Peels decisions contributed significantly to the split in the Tory party was the way in which he handled the situation of Catholicism and Ireland; Once again the backbenchers were left unconsulted and their opinions ignored. There was a certain tradition within the Conservative party of anti-Catholicism and attacks on the Irish, Catholicism was seen by the Anglican, protestant Conservatives to be a threat to Anglican dominance which had already been substantially weakened by Catholic Emancipation and the Great Reform Act of 1832. The greatest example of these attacks on the Catholic Church in Ireland came from the quarterly reviews, which mounted the most extreme attacks. At first, although not joining in on the anti Irish and Catholicism, Peel and the leaders were at least wise enough not to disassociate themselves from it; this split therefore as Stewart puts it was papered over. However, it did not last, the biggest controversy was caused by the Mounoth Act, described by T. F Kebbel as one of the most pitiful incidents in the whole history of Toryism. The decision by Peel to increase and make permanent a grant of money to the Catholic Irish college of Mounoth nearly split the party there and then. Peel was on such dangerous ground because anti-Catholicism was to be the nerve centre of protectionist policy, anti Catholicism was inexplicitly linked with the right of the party and the Ultras, for Peel to act as he did meant a gulf now appeared between the liberal Peelites and the anti catholic, protectionist right of the party. The sheer unpopularity of the act can be seen through the 3000 petitions that Peel received against the act, most of which came from his own party. The disgruntlement of the right wing of the party was made worse by the fact that Peel had refused to grant money on a number of occasions to the Anglican church, for example The Society for the Propagation of the Gospel. This clearly sent out a message of the declining influence of the Anglican church that it could no longer collect aid from the state by right; the fact that the Roman Catholic church on the other hand was receiving money paid for by English taxes greatly angered many Conservatives. Sir Robert Inglis went so far as to proclaim not just that this issue could result in the split of the Tory party but of the Union itself. Disraelis speech on the matter did more to add to the gulf that was forming within the party, describing Peel as a great middleman e is a man who bamboozles one party and plunders the other. Although this issue played an important role in if not opening, widening the gulf in the party, it is important to note that the party stayed in tact after this affair, does this then suggest that the gulf it caused was not in fact all that important? This is not the case, for as is pointed out by Stewart, the party held together during the late 1830s and early 40s due to a common respect for and recognition of the necessity of Peels leadership, by the end of 1844 that bond was gone. Therefore just because the party did not split at this point it does not make Peels actions here any less destructive than his actions during the repeal of the Corn Laws. One slightly longer-term factor that must be taken into consideration for which Peel is not quite so responsible for is the effect that the Great Reform Act and growing liberalism played on the party. Certainly the party had changed since the Reform Act, proof of this lies in the posts held by the Ultras and those on the far right of th e party such as Graham and Lord Staley who held minor positions. Anna Gambles brings up the idea that the reform had resulted in a modernised Conservatism which had adapted to the reform act of 1832 against a protectionist alternative. Certainly it can be argued that Peel represented this more liberal type of Conservatism, who just as the Whigs had advocated reform to prevent revolution and democracy so to Peel and his liberal Tories saw free trade as a necessary concession to new interests in society, a concession which would save the aristocracy from an outright radical assault. Here the knock on effects of the Reform Act can clearly be seen, the new interests in society being those newly enfranchised middle class men. However others such as the Duke of Richmond saw repeal as a further step towards democracy I ask you, will they stop here? It is the first step; they feel that it is the yeomanry of England that stand between them and the democratic principles which they wish to carry out. As Gambles rightly suggests after the Great Reform Act protectionism gained new significance as an economic instrument with which governments could represent and balance propertied interests with the reformed constitution. It was for the right of the party the last great barrier against the reform act protecting the landed classes; it is therefore no wonder they fought so passionately if helplessly to defend it. Just as during the great debate around the reform act had caused splits in the party in 1832, these same splits were re-emerging but were also more apparent. The question raised by the influence of the reform act is whether or not a Conservative party is justified in carrying out changes it has already resisted; is Peel justified in going back on his policies? It raises the question of whether Peel did betray his party because of a lack of intelligence as Disraeli so often attacked him for, a lack of seeing the future consequences of his actions therefore making Peel mostly responsible for the split in the conservative party or was it in fact a well thought out adaptation to the constitution to prevent revolution and protect the landed classes? Peel was an opportunist, a number of historians agree with this view such as Anna Ramsay, however Peels great weakness was his arrogance and failure to see future consequences of his actions made him the solely most important factor in the split of the Conservative party. The way In which he acted was at times despotic even tyrannical, not only on the issues of corn and Ireland but on numerous other occasions such as the attempt by parliament to reduce the working hours in factories, the act was passed but Peel threatened to resign and thus the act was reversed. Peel could have and did get away with acting in this way many a number of times but his failure was that he did not know when to stop his ever increasing liberal actions that to his colleagues on the backbenches smacked of democracy. Peel and the liberal Tories were children of the reform of parliament, the reformed Tories, the problem was that the rest of the party took a reactionary approach to the reform act, one that Peel foolishly thought he could ignore. Would the Conservative party have split without then potato famine and other economic factors leading up to the repeal? Yes, would it have split without the actions of Peel? Eventually yes, as rot had already set in before Peel came to office but it is unlikely it would have happened so soon.

Between That and Which

BETWEEN THAT AND WHICH Having to choose between that and which is one of those tricky little grammar rules that  used to trip me up constantly as I wrote. To spare you the same aggravation, Im sharing the words definitive usage guidelines: 1. That That is used solely in restrictive clauses, meaning it introduces specific, essential information in a sentence. As a general rule of thumb, that is usually used in sentences without commas. For example: The cat that was on the porch slept all day. The shoes that she bought yesterday were very expensive. Both of these sentences contain restrictive dependent clauses, giving us specific information about what is happening. The first sentence â€Å"restricts† the subject â€Å"cat.† It is used to separate the cat on the porch from other cats that may be in the bedroom or on top of the refrigerator. Put another way, you could say that â€Å"only the cat on the porch slept all day.† Same scenario in the second sentence, where that restricts the shoes she bought to yesterday only, and doesn’t include any of the shoes she may have bought on any other day. 2. Which Which is used to introduce a non-restrictive clause, a clause that gives us extra information that may be interesting or incidental but does not define the subject. A fun way to remember this: which clauses can â€Å"fly away like a witch,† meaning they can be cut from the sentence without changing the meaning. In order to form a restrictive clause, use which and insert two commas around the clause. The cat, which was on the porch, slept all day. This sentence tells us essentially the same thing, a cat is sleeping, with one key difference: the cat just happened to be on the porch. Adding the non-restrictive clause gives us extra information about the cat – that he was on the porch – but it does not  alter the meaning of the sentence, â€Å"The cat slept all day.† Notice the commas that bracket off this new information. And you can reconstruct the form in the second example in the same way: The shoes, which she bought yesterday, were very expensive. The reader knows that someone bought shoes; the fact that she bought the shoes yesterday is just an extra piece of information bracketed off from the rest of the sentence. Again, we have commas separating the non-restrictive clause from the rest of the sentence. As a general note, that can NEVER be used in a non-restrictive clause. To say â€Å"The cat, that was on the porch, slept all day,† is incorrect because of the comma usage. Also, when speaking of people, always use who rather than that or which. 3. Combining the Two Don’t be afraid to combine that and which once you have the correct usage down. For example: The shoes that she bought yesterday, which cost more than  $500, were very chic.

Word Choice Eventually vs. Ultimately - Proofread My Paper

Word Choice Eventually vs. Ultimately - Proofread My Paper Word Choice: Eventually vs. Ultimately â€Å"Eventually† and â€Å"ultimately† have plenty in common. Both are ten letters long. Both have â€Å"-ly† at the end. And, crucially, both refer to something that happens (or is expected to happen) after a certain period of time. It’s this final overlap which causes most confusion, with some people using â€Å"eventually† and â€Å"ultimately† interchangeably. However, there is an important difference, so you won’t want to mix up these words in your written work. Eventually (Some Time Later) We’ll begin with â€Å"eventually,† which generally means â€Å"some time later† or â€Å"finally,† especially after a prolonged delay: The queue was long, but we reached the front eventually. If you queue for too long, petrification can set in. It can also be used more generally to indicate an unspecified amount of time, even where no specific delay occurs: I’m new to ballet, but I’m hoping to eventually turn professional! In both cases, â€Å"eventually† emphasizes the passage of time, either in relation to something that has happened or that is expected to happen. Ultimately (In the End) â€Å"Ultimately† can mean â€Å"finally† or â€Å"in the end,† too, but specifically refers to the finishing point in a process or series of events: Although it seemed benign to begin with, the virus ultimately spread to other countries. A second meaning of â€Å"ultimately† is to indicate something as a fundamental or basic fact: Ultimately, tiddlywinks is a game of thrills and spills. Tiddle that wink! [Image: Hannes Grobe]Even in this second use of â€Å"ultimately,† there is a strong sense of finality, as it suggests something is beyond dispute or conclusive. Eventually or Ultimately? When used to mean â€Å"finally,† there are situations in which â€Å"eventually† and â€Å"ultimately† can be used interchangeably. However, even then, each word emphasizes something different. If we say something happened â€Å"eventually,† it’s usually the passage of time we are stressing. Hence â€Å"eventually† is normally used when describing something that happens after a delay. If we say something happened â€Å"ultimately,† on the other hand, the emphasis is on finality, so this term is best saved for referring to something that happens at the end of a process. For example, the ultimate fate of all sausages. When â€Å"ultimately† is used to mean â€Å"fundamentally,† moreover, it’s even more important to use the correct term, since â€Å"eventually† wouldn’t make sense in this context.

Apps of psychology ( application of psychology) Essay

Apps of psychology ( application of psychology) - Essay Example These principles govern the functioning and the growth experienced by the organization. Rationalism is a principle that expresses decision making and analysis in deductive and logical patterns. This principle emphasizes objectivity and logical patterns that are very useful in identifying the best procedures that will lead to enhanced productivity. Pragmatism is a principle that defines the need for emphasis on results, and the need to identify the procedures most effective in delivering the said end goal. Existentialism on the other hand is a principle that guides development towards individual and team growth through enhanced understanding of needs, values and goals. These philosophical constructs are very real to the process of Organizational Development. Freud’s Psychoanalytic constructs are best applied to individuals, but are also useful in understanding the motivations of an individual within an organization. His description of anxiety and defense mechanisms like projection denial and action formation have been found to be applicable to organizational settings; while the concepts of fixation, transference and regression have been found to adequately explain issues faced by individuals in the resolution of these said problems. Freud’s theory breaks life into stages, and the resolution of the dilemmas Faced by the person at each stage becomes a key component in the personality they form by the time they reach adulthood. Using this information, it is possible to select individuals who are equipped for certain jobs, and the avoid placing individuals in positions which will draw out their anxieties and inhibit their ability to work better. The understanding of personality afforded to us by the work of Sigmund Freud helps is in choosing the right individual for the right job, for understanding and resolving the anxiety and dilemmas faced in work groups; and to understand

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 3

Economics - Essay Example Some of the other factors as determinants of demand have been introduced in the theory of demand recently. The traditional theory of demand starts with the examination of the behaviour of the consumer since the market demand is assumed to be the summation of the demands of the individual consumers. Thus, the demand for a given commodity is the horizontal summation of the demands of the individual consumers. In other words the quantity demanded in the market at each price is the sum of the individual demands of all consumers at that price. The responsiveness of the demand in relation to the price or income of the consumer is referred as the elasticity of demand. There are as many elasticities of demand as its determinants. The most important of these elasticities are (a) the price Elasticity, (b) the income elasticity, and (c) the cross elasticity. The concept of elasticity of demand is important in that it s being used by the economists to explain the consumer behaviour in different market conditions. With this background this paper illustrates the importance of different kinds of elasticities of demand and the ways in which they are helpful to the economists to report on the consumer behaivour... The laws of demand and supply are an important part of in the study of economics. They help the economists to measure the relative changes in the demand due to changes in prices with the concept of elasticity of demand. (Pink Monkey) The price elasticity is a measure of the responsiveness of demand to changes in the commodity’s own price. Depending on the magnitude of the changes in demand it can be termed as either point elasticity or arc elasticity of demand. If the changes in the prices are very small, the point elasticity of demand is used as the measure of responsiveness of demand. If the changes in the prices are large then arc elasticity of demand is used as the relevant measure of responsiveness. The laws of demand and supply form the basic

Major point Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Major point - Essay Example ession especially after training has been accomplished, for instance a child taught and graduated in medicine to become a doctor has no point in time that children can think of training again in order to become an athlete. In this context, school children are taught on how to be morally upright but majority of parents in the United States are concerned by the morality of their children because they do not practice it at home which is in contrary to what is expected of them. This shows that teachers in school only teaches but does not ensure that what he taught is practiced by the children. In addition, It has also been observed that children who performs better in school and attain good grades are unable to solve basic problem. This is especially true if the problem they were solving is twisted in one way or another (Taylor 153). This shows that children acquire intellectual knowledge alone in the school and if children are only academically equipped then there are going to be ill-equipped in the society since Schools teach children to solve a problem by use of formula whose behavior can be controlled and be predicted. When these children finally graduate they expect to solve life problem using formul as in their area of profession. However, not all those who graduate eventually get jobs and to apply these formula in real situation and therefore, end up becoming frustrated in their lives because they cannot cope up with challenges of life in the real world. In some cases what the school teaches the children is not connected to his future, for example some topics in school syllabus are not relevant in the children life e.g. solving a matrix question, most children will not make use of this learnt knowledge this topic only makes them intellectually knowledgeable but when it comes to life, they will not have knowledge in solving real life issues and challenges that face them. It also noticeable that school is not connected to the feature of the children, this is

Effective Professional Managers and Management Model

Effective Professional Managers and Management Model The reflection on and critical analysis of effective professional managers in relation to an effective management model. (Wilber, 2015) In this report, we look at the UN Model (profile of an effective manager). I choose to use the UN Model as my base for this assignment because I find it easy to understand with the way that its broken down levels of managerial experience and because of the values it holds. I also interview 2 experienced managers and asked them about their roles, their success and how they improved as a manager. I reflected and rated myself on the UN Model to get a feeling for how well I would do in a managerial role.       Values the driver of managerial effectiveness The values of a professional manager according to the UN Model includes Integrity, Professionalism, and Respect for diversity. To sum up the middle managers role per the UN Model they must be a role model to staff, be decisive and understand cultures differences. As a Senior Manager, the UN Model expects resilience in the face of external pressures (S.A.R.L, ND), continuous improvement and to intentionally build a diverse workforce (S.A.R.L, ND). To the UN Model being an Organisational leader means building a culture of integrity. Emotional competence To the UN Model having emotional competence means to be Self-aware, have self-confidence, emotional self-control, to be conscientious, optimistic, achievement oriented, to have empathy and discretion. As named by the UN Model; Detailers are managers that dont follow these guidelines. Being a manager doesnt mean only managing employees work but also means managing how they feel in the workplace. Conceptual competence To the UN Model having conceptual competence means always having an eye on their environment and the world beyond it (S.A.R.L, ND). These managers practice talking to people around them keep a clear understanding of the work and organisational environment. Effective managers apply their knowledge of concepts, system thinking and pattern recognition. Technical/substantive competence The UN Model tells us that middle managers must be able to apply and share their knowledge (S.A.R.L, ND). Senior managers should create knowledge sharing and learning mechanisms (S.A.R.L, ND). Organisational leaders should be able to develop a knowledge sharing and learning culture (S.A.R.L, ND). The fundamentals of technical/substantive competence per the UN Model are Knowledge and information management, knowledge networks, knowledge sharing, coaching and developing others and continuous learning and development. Managing people In the UN Model, being able to manage people means having great communication, teamwork, motivation, and means being able to manage individuals performance. A middle manager should be able to effectively manage people. The expectation of senior managers is for them to create an enabling environment. At an organisational level, managers should be able to create a high performance culture (S.A.R.L, ND). Managing action and change To the UN Model; managers should have strong and reliable action and change management, decision-making, creativity and innovation, they should also be client and result oriented. At the middle manager level; managers should be able to make things happen and support change. At the senior manager level; managers should be able to anticipate and lead change. Organisational leaders should drive for excellence and create a culture around searching for positive change. Managing across organisational boundaries Effective managers have a finely tuned understanding of the departments surface and deeper structures (S.A.R.L, ND). The UN Model pushes for strong organisational awareness, building networks and alliances, and positively influencing in the work environment. Section Rating (1 = bad, 10 = great) Explanation/critical analysis Values Integrity 8/10 I do what I say Im going to do when Im going to do it. I say what I think is ethical even if its not the popular opinion. Professionalism 5/10 I make myself at home and sometimes assume people are fine with me being so comfortable at work. Respect for diversity 7/10 I like meeting knew cultures and working with them. I have a bit of a lack of knowledge when it comes to understanding sensitive topics and cultural differences. Emotional Competence Self-awareness 8/10 Interested in learning more about myself and how I am during work. Am aware of my emotions and understand what I can do to make myself feel better. Self confidence 6/10 Am decisive. Can sometimes be unsure about where I fit in and can be easily effected by something someone says. Emotional self-control 7/10 Can deal with someone difficult without raising my voice. I can be tactful. Conscientiousness 10/10 Keep promises. Careful in work. Accept responsibility for mistakes. Optimism 6/10 Try to constantly look at both sides. Can sometimes be lost in disadvantages of doing something. Achievement orientation 5/10 Dont always push for the absolute best. Can sometimes lack motivation. When there is something I need to do, I work at it until it is fully done. Empathy 8/10 Am tactful. Could take body language on board more. Discretion 7/10 Respects privacy. I can keep things confidential if needed. Conceptual Competence Use of concepts 7/10 I can apply concepts to many different things. Systems thinking 5/10 Cant always predict consequences of quick fix solutions. Pattern recognition 7.5/10 Can apply concepts to a new situation. Can identify patterns quite easily. Technical/substantive competence Knowledge and information management 7/10 I can identify trends and best practice. Knowledge networks 8/10 Can make formal and informal connections. Knowledge sharing 9/10 Try to share my knowledge as much as possible and in many ways. Coaching and developing others 8/10 Am interested in helping others learn Continuous learning and development 8/10 Interested in new developments. Keen to learn. Managing people Communication 9/10 I can communicate clearly with many different cultures. Teamwork 8/10 Work well with others. Try to include everyone. Motivation 6/10 Can sometimes leave things that dont feel as necessary behind. Managing individual performance 7.5/10 I use praise accordingly. Find it easy to address poor performance. Managing action and change Action and change management 7.5/10 I like making sure things get done. Decision-making 8/10 I am very decisive. I can say no when it is needed. Creativity and innovation 7/10 I try to think of new ways of doing things all the time. Client orientation 8/10 I can anticipate clients needs before they decide they need it. Results orientation 6.5/10 I am interested in rewarding good results and try to keep the focus on the result and how we get there. Managing across organizational boundaries Organizational awareness 4/10 Need work on understanding the legalities and limits of organisations Building networks and alliances 8/10 I am interested in building strong and positive alliances inside and outside of the company. Influencing 6.5/10 I try to positively influence people to do the right thing by example. In this investigation we asked questions about the interviewees management rolls. In both interviews, we asked the same questions: What business are/where you in? How long have you been working in this field? How successful was/is the business? How did you help the success of the business? What do you do when people start a job? What do you think makes a good manager? How do you improve yourself as a manager? Do you have any advice for someone going into management? In the first interview, we talked to a man named Arwyn. His answers to our questions were as follows: He was the head of department at a university for 16 years, also a senior lecturer. He has been working in the education field for 25 years. He was in the business from 15 students all the way to 400 students. He had many long-standing staff and says teamwork and collective responsibility were ways he contributed to making the business successful. When somebody starts working under his management he conducts training, he observes their ability, he assigns a mentor and monitors their progress. He said that good managers are loyal to the organisation, honest, teamwork oriented, they have integrity, they understand the organisation and they think about what they can do for the organisation; not what the organisation can do for them. He says that managing is always a learning process and involves sharing experiences with others. His advice for someone going into management was to be humble and patient. Relation to un model It seems Arwyn put great value on empathy, knowledge sharing, coaching and developing others, teamwork and influencing staff positively. He took the interview very seriously and presented himself professionally. This shows that he has great values as a manager. In the second interview, we talked to a woman named Parvinder. Her answers to our questions were as follows: She worked in a Cafà © 7 days a week as a manager. She has been working in management for 15 years. The business was very successful for a number of years but the recession hit the business hard. She feels she helped the success of the business by keeping with the times. When people start the job, she goes through an introduction, an orientation and training. She said a good manager should motivate, inspire and lead. As a manager, she improved herself by learning from her mistakes and by looking for new ways to innovate. Her advice for people going into management was that it isnt easy, you need people skills and a passion to lead. Relation to un model I believe Parvinder has strong conceptual competence and organisational awareness by the way she looks for ways to improve, I think she tries to provide a place for teamwork to thrive. How I felt In both interviews, I felt confident in the questions I was asking, I feel that I could have asked more conversational questions to make both me and the interviewee feel more comfortable. What I saw When Arwyn came into the room he asked if he could sit down and he also put on a tie. Both interviewees where slightly reserved at the start but near the end they both felt more comfortable. What I thought I thought both interviewees where very knowledgeable about management, I noticed they hardly gave closed answers and that they held strong values around professionalism. What I learnt I learnt the value of working as a team, being professional and having integrity. I also learnt that being a manager or working in general is more about what you can do for the organisation more than what the organisation can do for you. What I would do differently in an interview setting I would try and make more small talk at the start to try and make the interviewees more comfortable, I would also try tailoring my questions to suit the interviewees better by implying certain answers. What I could/would do better in management If I were a manager I would try to hold strong value on presenting myself professionally, managing with teamwork and clear communication. I would make sure empathy was one of my main goals to make sure my team was in a positive mindset and happy. I think that both interviewees where very knowledgeable about management. They both put great value on teamwork and developing a communication culture. I feel Arwyns management style was much more collective and team oriented while Parvinders style was more about leading and resembled a more classic idea of management. In this report, we looked briefly at the Kotter Model and more in depth into the UN Model. We looked at my personal reflection on the UN Model and applied the model to two interviews with managers with a lot of experience. References       S.A.R.L, M. (ND, ND ND). ProfileManager_v4. Retrieved from HR Portal: https://hr.un.org/sites/hr.un.org/files/Profile%20of%20an%20Effective%20Manager_0.pdf Wilber, K. (2015, December 15). A Brief Look At Management Practices. Retrieved from Linkdin: http://staffingstream.wpengine.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/supplier-management.jpg

Tis Pity Shes A Whore by John Ford Essay -- John Ford Tis Pity Whore

"Tis Pity She's A Whore" by John Ford In this play it would be impossible to accurately assess this idea commenting on Annabella and Giovanni as a single entity. They are extremely different characters with their only common ground being the love they have for each other, and even this is expressed in distinctly different ways with subsequently different consequences. These consequences build up to the conclusion referred to in the question, and so it would also prove hard to answer it directly without having previously discussed what has come before and created such conclusion. At the beginning of the play, I believe that the audience is intended to sympathise with Giovanni. Although his actions are described as 'devilish atheism', this is counterbalanced by his modest language which contrasts greatly to later on in the play. He refers to the Friar as 'Gentle Father' and this humble way of addressing him gives the audience the impression that Giovanni is genuinely asking for help and wants to be 'cured'. Although he argues against much of what the Friar says, his respect for him is obvious as he agrees to take his advice. This may not have carried much weight for the Caroline audience for which this would have been performed, however, as the religion of the English at this time was Protestant, making Catholicism not the favoured denomination. It has even been stated that Ford presented the characters in this play so faulted because of their religious beliefs and nationality, both of which were seen as the enemy. Throughout this scene, Giovanni is attempting to justify his actions and convince the Friar that what he is doing is right, by playing on the religious idea that there is one father, and ... ...how compassion about the consequences of this distorted self-image. (I know I've missed out a bit here, but I think 4 pages is enough and I don't think I could sit here for another  ½ hour.) In conclusion, at the beginning of the play sympathy is possible for both characters. Annabella earns more than this during the course of the play, and is likely to be admired by the audiences from both eras, though would probably have been seem as more promiscuous in the time of writing than would be perceived now. Giovanni on the other hand, through use of apocalyptic figurative language shows a too high opinion of himself and is presented as too self-absorbed to induce anything other than contempt. This is accentuated by the death of Annabella being caused by such traits and highlighted by the irony that she had remained to true to him just to die by his hand.

Rich Con

As a president off company, Marty should have concentrated on overall management of the company and lead it to meets its strategic goals. Instead, she became intimately involved in integrating the new IT system which demanded more than 75% of her time which she did not plan for. If Sawyer had appointed a board with IT expertise as well as Individuals with industry and process expertise, she could have been moderately involved with the project with more time to spend on the operations of the company.Deliverables from this IT am would then be from selection of an IT system based on Rich-con's need to flawless implementation of the system and then follow through its effectiveness for a period of time to make sure It Is working properly for all conditions. Lack of Fit-Gap Analysis: The business requirements were not defined to the vendor. The vendor did not care to understand the structure of the company, or the IT systems that Rich-Con already has in place. They were not familiar with t he knowledge and expertise of the staff and the expectations of the customers.Marty and Rich-Con Pete for an â€Å"off-the-shelf† software package to implement in their organization. The selection process of the new IT system was based on some factors true for metal industries and some generic questions posed by Marty. By doing so, Rich-Con failed to recognize the Incompatibility risk of the replacement IT system. C. Omitting test phases and pilot launch prior to mass deployment of the new IT system: Any big change implementation should go through several testing phases with progressive maturity of features.Rich-Con failed to work with their vendor to customize the new system and test it out at multiple phases. They also did not go through a pilot launch phase to pick up a portion of its operations, rather than forcing the whole operations Into this new system all at once. With test phases and plot launch, employees would nave gotten ten opportunity to test out ten system, of fer important feedback which would have resulted in minimal disruption to overall operations, should something go wrong. D.Insufficient training for transition to the new system: Marty Sawyer relied on the vendor to train her employees to learn he new IT system. There was no incentive for the employees to learn this system since they did not understand how their Jobs would change once the new system was in place. The vendor did a very poor Job in offering training since they took a push vs.. Pull method to offer help. They waited to be asked questions on features and usage rather than establishing a standard implementation methodology and guide the customer through that.The frustration of Marty showed in her comment, â€Å"We had people come in and do training. It Just never really took on a life of its own. † e. Lack of customization of application software to fit the need: Even though the vendor indicated that they would accommodate requests to modify the software, Marty di d not take advantage of that. Rich-Con did not get the software tailored to fit its unique needs. In comparison, Marty spent time to configure the software to align with Rich-con's business needs and importing all existing information to its database.Overall, to replace Rich-con's antiquated IT system, Marty took a centralized decision making approach, rather than decentralization it to engage leads from every functional apartment of the organization. She lost important inputs from different work groups in that process. Other issues that Marty needed to manage simultaneously were to address Union problems, ensure that management of making the newly purchased Round operational, and address the reason of dropping sales figures and the inefficiency of the new management team.All these issues compounded and created a disaster for Rich-con's operations. Question 2: Which CUBIT governance processes might have prevented these problems? The CUBIT governance processes that could have prevent ed these problems lie within Planning and Organizing' and ‘Acquiring and Implementing the software implementation process at Rich-Con Steel. Although ‘Delivery and Support' and ‘Monitoring and Evaluation' are critical components following the implementation of new software, the problems could have been avoided if the two former processes were defined and followed.

Lauriers greatest gift to Canada essays

Lauriers greatest gift to Canada essays The Manitoba schools issue, the Boer War, the construction of a Canadian navy and the proposed reciprocity treaty with the United States were all issues that provoked emotional debates between French Canadians and English Canadians. French Canadians were fighting to preserve their culture outside Quebec and opposed any rapprochement with England; English Canadians were fighting to confine francophones to Quebec and supported any move toward closer ties with England. For more than 15 years, Laurier's policy of compromise earned him the nickname of the "Great Conciliator", and kept him at the head of the country. One of Laurier's first acts as Prime Minister was to implement a solution to the Manitoba Schools Issue. Laurier developed a compromise with Thomas Greenway, Premier of Manitoba. They agreed that Catholic education would be permitted in public schools, and French would be used in teaching, but only on a school-by-school basis depending on the numbers of French-speaking students. In 1899 Britain expected military support from Canada, as part of the British Empire, in the Boer War. Laurier was caught between demands for support for military action from English Canada, and a strong opposition from French Canada, which saw the Boer War as a reminder of its own defeat in the Seven Years' War. Henri Bourassa was an especially vocal opponent. Laurier eventually decided to send a volunteer force, rather than the militia expected by Britain, but Bourassa criticized him anyway. The British were alarmed by the German arms build-up, and Canada was forced to define its naval policy. Ontario wanted Canada to contribute to the British navy, but Quebec wanted no part of it. As so often before, Laurier sought a compromise, proposing the creation of a Canadian navy to be built and trained in accordance with British naval requirements and placed under British command if Canada chose to enter a war as an ally of Britain. This proposal sat...

Sports World Should Be Drug Free Essays - Drug Control Law

Sports World Should Be Drug Free Essays - Drug Control Law Sports World Should Be Drug Free Critique on The Sports World Should be Drug Free This article was derived on the question: Why the sports world should be drug free? Barry McCaffreys answer to this question is based on a simple assumption that drug usage in sports has a direct impact on children which will ultimately lead to downfall of sports. The essay takes on the belief that all or most kids look up to athletes. And if these athletes do drugs then kids will do drugs. It is directed to the athletes themselves, coaches, and the parents of all children. McCaffrey states that after the death of athlete Len Bias, youth cocaine use suddenly dropped (page 1). It seems that this is a safe assumption because after a death of a famous athlete, people as well as children learn the disastrous effect of drug use. He also believes that when athletes use drugs and are rewarded for their athleticism kids get the misimpression that drugs are not dangerous to their well being, dreams and aspirations (page 1). This essay is compelling and also logical. We as a culture know that children look up to all athletes. They are pictured on cereal boxes, sneaker ads, cartoons, etc. The author makes the natural assumption that if these athletes use drugs that kids will get the picture that it is alright for them to use them as well. His argument is very convincing especially for a parent. He gives evidence that professional organizations are know getting involved to take a stand against drug usage. McCaffrey states, Eighteen Major League Baseball teams are showing anti-drug public service announcements in their stadiums at home games. Major league soccer is sending strong anti-drug messages to its young fans. On October 23rd , as part of the Office of Drug Policys athletic initiative, the first ever National Coachathon Against Drugs will see coaches across the nationfrom pee wee to the big leaguesstarting practices with messages against drugs (page 2). The only thing about McCaffreys argument is that he didnt consider the other sides point of view. He must of thought they did not have a relevant case to even consider their view. He did a good job researching and making a firm strong point. Bibliography McCaffrey, Barry R. The Sports World Should Be Drug Free St. Petersburg Times. September 9, 1998. p. 12A

Congo Conflict Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Congo Conflict - Research Paper Example Lack of resources and labor and strategic planning prevented the country from effectively controlling mining areas, which could have starved off funding for numerous illegal groups. The country has historically been at conflict since independence from Belgium in 1960. The United Nations has been present in the country from that time although its activities were restarted after the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. The Congo conflict has created many security and economic complications in the great lakes region. The United Nations has played and continues to play a crucial role in peace building and development in the democratic republic of Congo, with the major aim of creating a stable government and ensuring basic human rights are maintained in the country. The conflict in the DRC is complex and has many actors with very many historical injustices mostly a legacy of colonialism. Colonial injustice forms the root cause of the conflict. This paper will argue that the international response to the Congo conflict has not been successful. The paper will highlight the successes and failures MONUC and show that the United Nations and the International Community have not understood the underlying causes of the conflict. Addressing the root causes will help solve the crisis. Introduction Violence experienced in the Eastern Parts of the Democratic Republic of Congo is due to various ethnic and political differences. Peace has been elusive in the DRC and the United Nations is still running missions to maintain peace and stability to a region that has experienced more than one war with violence still flaring up even today. The country has lost over millions of lives to various wars with millions more people having being internally displaced and over thousands of citizens seeking refuge in other countries due to consistent violence in volatile areas including North and South Kivu, Katanga and Itori1. Sexual violence in the region is the most prevalent problem in the country with th ousands of rapes having being documented from 2005 to 20072. The country circumstances are unique because it is landlocked and surrounded by nine other nations. Intermittent violent conflict in the DRC causes regional instability in the region due to a weakened government. The country runs in an over stretched budgets due to constant military activity. Rwanda and Uganda constantly stir violence in Congo due to their constant forays into the DRC for economic reasons. The United Nations influence became critical in 1999 when many of the democratic republic of Congo neighbors became embroiled in the conflict. The United Nation Peacekeepers were tasked with enforcing the Lusaka Accord. The United Nation created the United States Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo commonly known as MONUC in 2000. The major responsibilities of MONUC were to implement and monitor the ceasefire agreement. MONUC was also mandated to collectively facilitate the recognition and observation basic of hu man rights in conjunction with other Non-Governmental Organizations. Despite the presence of the peace keeping forces, the conflict in the region never ended and consequently MONUC mandate has been extended several times with their mandate being constantly reviewed. The peacekeeping force is now required to protect Congo citizens from violence and maintain arms embargoes placed in the region.

NURSING LEADERSHIP & MANAGEMENT FIELD EXPERIENCE Essay

NURSING LEADERSHIP & MANAGEMENT FIELD EXPERIENCE - Essay Example Much worse is the fact that many patients are missed out of diagnosis that will follow the emergency care of these patients (Attard Biancardi, 2013). The American cardiology college, American heart association and the European society of cardiology, jointly recommended the minimum time of intervention on ST elevated myocardial infarction patient as 90 minutes from the time of medical contact (Brodie, et al. 2010). They went further to make it a policy used to predetermine the quality performance on patients with myocardial infarction by hospitals. The findings on the hospital performance are recorded in the registry hence used to assess the performance of the respective hospitals. However, from records obtained from hospitals participating in the national registry of myocardial infarction, there is a small percentage of compliance to the guidelines. For instance in the year 2009, there was 35 percent of patients with ST elevated myocardial infarction attended to within the first 90 minutes and less than 15 percent of the participating hospitals had a median of 90 minutes in the time taken to attend to the these patients as Correi a, et al.(2013) observed . Willson et al. (2010) established that there are different subgroups of patients that are more susceptible to delays than others are. For example, most patients that are brought in during the off hours (weekends and during the night) experience more delays than those brought in during the day and the week. Second are the patients referred forms other facilities of acute care, since there is a problem in coordinating the two facilities on the emergency basis. According to the observations made by Cheskes et al. (2011), every minute of delay in patient with STEMI affects one-year mortality. In fact, the 1-year mortality rate is elevated by over 7.5 percent for every 30 minutes delay as observed by Pitta, et al. (2010). Explanation

Internationa Economics, migration and refugee Assignment

Internationa Economics, migration and refugee - Assignment Example Theres need to establish credible establishments that can access and also equitably send out these types of methods in order that the nation to gain the greatest value from its aspect endowment. The learning resource curse, generally known as paradox of lots, is a non-desirable predicament that will comes up in the event the establishments trusted with the country’s endowment don’t possess sound policies (Piros & Christopher, 2013). It is common knowledge that international locations and also areas having an abundance of natural resources, specifically point-source non-renewable resources like naturally occurring mineral deposits and fuel energy, are apt to have less economic development and also more serious development functionality compared to international locations having much less natural resources. That is hypothesized to be initiated by various causes, which include although not limited to decrease in competitive power of other economic sections, instability connected with income through the normal learning resource industry due to vulnerability for you to worldwide product current market swings, govt mismanagement connected with resources, or corrupte d establishments that provide an easy path for revenue to be diverted away illegally. Resource scarcity may sometimes be absolute or even relative. Absolute scarcity identifies where by you will find basically not enough amounts of resource to meet current need. We are unable to possess any extra resources irrespective of how we extend. General scarcity however, identifies an instance where by there might be actual amounts of any resource present yet scarcity is out there due to issues with regards to offer or even submitting or even distribution(Lin, Justin & Chang, 2009). Achieving the need for your resource may well indicate discovering reduced quality of resources. A vintage example inside focusing the purpose played by establishments/institutions inside making a states

Goal Statement Essay Example for Free

Goal Statement Essay I have planned on becoming a teacher for years. After receiving my own education, I look forward to sharing my knowledge with my students. In the past I have taught classes in creative writing, instrumental music, sailing, various sciences, and religious education, allowing me to experience the interactions between teacher and students in different environments. The age of my students ranged from seven to fifteen, so I utilized a variety of teaching techniques to keep the students interested. I have grown to love teaching and every time I see a look of understanding on a childs face, I feel I have made a difference in their development, even if it was just a small impact. I look forward to the opportunities provided by the college I have chosen to enroll in, to be active in the educational communities of Rhode Island, especially through their practical teaching programs in connection with coursework in their College of Arts and Sciences. I plan on learning as much as I can through these courses so I may be better prepared to pursue a successful career as an educator. I will be striving towards a double major in Secondary Education and either a math or science topic, and once I receive my degree I plan on becoming a teacher at in the science and/or math course focused on during my. I plan on using the information I have gained through my college studies to be not only a competent educator, but also an expert in the field I decide to teach. As an educator, it will be my goal to demonstrate fairness to each student by providing the knowledge and explanation necessary for them to succeed both in my class and in life. As my contribution to the community, I plan to pass on the benefits of my college education to future generations through my career as a teacher.

My Philosophy of Education: Combining Progressivism, Essentialism and B

My Philosophy of Education: Combining Progressivism, Essentialism and Behaviorism Upon being faced with the task of writing my philosophy of teaching, I made many attempts to narrow the basis for my philosophy down to one or two simple ideas. However, I quickly came to the realization that my personal teaching philosophy stems from many other ideas, philosophies, and personal experiences. I then concentrated my efforts on finding the strongest points of my personal beliefs about teaching and what I have learned this semester, and came up with the following. The first and most important of the three formal educational philosophies that have been major influences on the formation of my own philosophy is progressivism. Progressivism is based on the belief that people learn best from what they consider to be relevant to their every day lives. In other words, students learn best from personal experience, hands-on experiments, and from interacting in groups with those around them. However, for these small groups to be entirely effective, they must be chosen at random; basing the groups on race, gender, sexuality, or social background will defeat their main purpose. The use of progressivism in the classroom broadens students? points of views and expands their abilities to understand differences in opinions. Furthermore, it inculcates students with a vast array of knowledge about their surrounding environment and everyone in it. Without the use of the progressive method, it is almost impossible to thoroughly educate children on complex topics such as racism, religion, and people that come from different societies, nationalities, or ethnic groups. A lack of knowledge of this sort le... ... student?s academic career. On top of everything else, teachers must possess an irrepressible yearning to motivate and educate children. Some children receive very little praise and motivation outside of the classroom environment. This puts a new responsibility on teachers to make sure that children (especially those who are underprivileged or disregarded by friends and family) get the attention and motivation they need in order to achieve. This can make all the difference in a child?s ability to do well in school. Knowing the characteristics of an exceptional teacher, along with realizing the challenges that teachers face to become effective and respected are daily motivation for me. They inspire me to become a more educated and knowledgeable person, which will allow me to become the admirable, successful teacher I know I can be.

Management Information System Essay

Question 1 : In the 21st century, information technology has emerged as the fundamental technology of business. Explain how it has helped business and state examples of real time situation which you have read about of experienced. Decision Support, Problem Analysis and Overall Control Business managers often need to make decisions that can affect the business’ fortunes one way or other. For example, a company with sales outlets or distributors spread over a wide geographic area might want to optimize the logistical operations of delivering merchandise to the outlets. The best solution might be affected by numerous factors such as demand patterns, availability of merchandise, distances involved and the option of using external carriers (who can find two way loads and might prove a lesser cost option over long distances) instead of own vehicles. While it might be possible to use complex mathematical formulas by hand to compute the best solution, computers transform the whole process into a routine task of feeding certain information as input and obtaining suggestions for best solutions as output. The task can typically be done in a few minutes (instead of hours or even days) and it becomes possible to examine several alternatives before deciding upon one that seems most realistic. Identifying problems and analysing the factors that cause them also has been transformed by modern computer information systems. In a typical MIS environment, standard reports are generated in a routine manner comparing actual performance against original estimates. The software that generates the report can be instructed to highlight exceptions, i.e. significant variations between original estimates and actual performance. Managers will thus become aware of problem areas in the daily course of their work simply by looking at the reports they receive, without having to do detailed data collection and computations themselves. Identifying the factors responsible for the problem can also be routinized to some extent by using such tools as variance analysis. Variance analysis is an element of standard costing system that splits deviations from estimates (or standards) into causative factors such as increase in price of materials used, excessive usage of materials, unexpected machine downtimes, etc. With such a detailed report, managers can delve deeper into the problem factor, such as why there was excessive usage of materials. Control is also exercised through variance analysis. Budgets are prepared for all business operations by concerned managers working in a coordinated fashion. For example, estimated sales volumes will determine the levels of production; production levels will determine raw material purchases; and so on. With good information system management, it then becomes possible to generate timely reports comparing actual sales, production, raw material deliveries, etc against estimated levels. The reports will help managers to keep a watch on things and take corrective action quickly. For example, the production manager will become aware of falling sales (or rising sales) of particular products and can prepare to make adjustments in production schedules, and purchasing and inventory managers will become quickly aware of any mounting inventories of unused materials. MIS thus enhances the quality of communication all around and can significantly improve the effectiveness of operations control. Effective MIS Involves Humans and Computers Working together The major aspect to note is that MIS provides only the information; it is the responsibility of concerned managers to act on the information. It is the synergy between efficient, accurate and speedy equipment and humans with common sense, intelligence and judgment that really gives power to MIS. As a chartered accountant with business management qualifications and decades of exposure to business in senior to top level positions, Gopinathan helps small to medium businesses with new business start-up, business performance improvement and marketing. He uses structured business modelling techniques to help with all these, and has launched a business support website to provide the help in a convenient manner irrespective of geographical distances and boundaries. Significance Information technology has grown to permeate the business world, affecting how companies make and market their products, as well as how people communicate and accomplish their jobs in modern organizations. Specialized software shapes best-practices and industry standards, continually changing the face of business in almost every way. Information technology management includes many of the basic functions of management, such as staffing, organizing, budgeting and control, but it also has functions that are unique to IT, such as software development, change management, network planning and tech support. Generally, IT is used by organizations to support and compliment their business operations. The advantages brought about by having a dedicated IT department are too great for most organizations to pass up. Some organizations actually use IT as the centre of their business. Positive Impact on Business: First off, I.T. affects how businesses go about with their usual routine. For instance: the technology allows companies to go paperless, depending only on digital databases to store important data. Many pundits see this as a risk; isn’t digital data flimsy and unreliable, they ask. But the shift offers several benefits as well—including reduction in operational cost, since the business no longer has to buy or rent space or equipment just to store data. Information Technology also affects the accuracy of business operations. When a company uses a computerized accounting system instead of relying on a real live accountant, they eliminate (or, at the very least, significantly reduce) human error. And because such systems allow for faster operations, the company’s workers can concentrate on more pressing tasks. The impact of the Management Information System The impact of MIS on the functions is in its management. With a good MIS support, the management of marketing, finance, production and personnel becomes more efficient, the tracking and monitoring the functional targets becomes easy. The functional managers are informed about the progress, achievements and shortfalls in the activity and the targets. The manager is kept alert by providing certain information indicating the probable trends in the various aspects of business. This helps in forecasting and long-term perspective planning. The manager† attention is brought to a situation which is exceptional in nature, inducing him to take an action or a decision in the matter. A disciplined information reporting system creates a structured database and a knowledge base for all the people in the organization. The information is available in such a form that it can be used straight away or by blending and analysis, saving the manager’s valuable time. The MIS creates another impact in the organization which relates to the understanding of the business itself. The MIS begins with the definition of a data entity and its attributes. It uses a dictionary of data, entity and attributes, respectively, designed for information generation in the organization. Since all the information systems use the dictionary, there is common understanding of terms and terminology in the organization bringing clarity in the communication and a similar understanding of an event in the organization. The MIS calls for a systemization of the business operations for an effective system design. This leads to streamlining of the operations which complicate the system design. It improves the administration of the business by bringing a discipline in its operations everybody is required to follow and use systems and procedures. This process brings a high degree of professionalism in the business operations. Since the goals and objective of the MIS are the products of business goals and objectives, it helps indirectly to pull the entire organization in one direction towards the corporate goals and objectives by providing the relevant information to the people in the organization. A well designed system with a focus on the manager makes an impact on the managerial efficiency. The fund of information motivates an enlightened manager to use a variety of tools of the management. It helps him to resort to such exercises as experimentation and modelling. The use of computers enables him to use the tools and techniques which are impossible to use manually. The ready-made packages make this task simpler. The impact is on the managerial ability to perform. It improv es the decision making ability considerably. Communications Technology Leveraging advances in communications technology is imperative to surviving in the modern business world. Advances in cellular phone technology have revolutionized the way businesspeople communicate with clients, employees, suppliers and strategic partners. The Internet has revolutionized the marketing function in addition to opening up a wide range of communication options. Modern smartphones are changing the game yet again with the introduction of new and innovative applications. A small business owner can now access a web-based customer relationship management service on a smartphone from anywhere in the world, for example, allowing him to obtain vital data about contacts before making calls. Accessibility By making communication more convenient, communication technology has helped to make communication more accessible, especially long-distance communication. Through various computer-mediated communication methods–communication done through the use of a computer, such as email, instant messages, and social networking websites–you can easily and instantly communicate with people in other cities, states and countries. This is vastly different from early forms of long-distance communication. Early forms of long-distance communication included the use of homing pigeons and/or runners to carry a message to its destination. How long a message would take before reaching its destination depended on the distance between the person sending the message and the person receiving the message. Mass Communication Organizations, like schools and businesses, use electronic communication to share information with a large number of people. Businesses can send mass emails to employees in order to inform workers about things like rule changes and important meetings. Many academic institutions use mass communication in order to maintain a well-informed campus. In case of an emergency, such as a spreading fire or presence of an armed assailant, mass communication can quickly inform people of the situation, giving enough notice to allow people to take the necessary actions to stay safe. Computer-mediated communication can be socially beneficial. For people who are socially awkward, computer-mediated communication such as online forums and chat rooms can help create a more fulfilling social life. For example, someone who fails at personal relationships because he speaks before thinking about the consequences has more control with Internet communication. He can read back his statements before posting, which will likely reduce the number of awkward moments the person creates. Communication technology offers other benefits, as well. Dating websites, for instance, can relieve some of the frustration involved with dating by allowing you to view the profiles of potential dates so you can determine who is the best match for you. This can save you both time and heartbreak. Considerations While information technology solutions can contribute to the success of your organization, there are a number of unique costs to consider. In addition to the cost of implementing an IT solution, you must employ highly educated and specialized workers to maintain, monitor, expand and repair your IT infrastructure. Question 4 : The role of hospital has changed from medical assistance to health care. What are the important information systems required to be considered while implementing front-end application development for hospital management? HOSPITAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (HIS) A hospital information system (HIS) is essentially a computer system that can manage all the information to allow health care providers to do their jobs effectively. These systems have been around since they were first introduced in the 1960s and have evolved with time and the modernization of healthcare facilities. The computers were not as fast in those days and they were not able to provide information in real time as they do today. The staff used them primarily for managing billing and hospital inventory. All this has changed now, and today hospital information systems include the integration of all clinical, financial and administrative applications. Modern HIS includes many applications addressing the needs of various departments in a hospital. They manage the data related to the clinic, finance department, laboratory, nursing, pharmacy and also the radiology and pathology departments. The hospitals that have switched to HIS have access to quick and reliable information including patients’ records illustrating details about their demographics, gender, age etc. By a simple click of the mouse they receive important data pertaining to hospital finance systems, diet of patients, and even the distribution of medications. With this information they can monitor drug usage in the facility and improve its effectiveness. Many hospitals have as many as 200 disparate systems combined into their HIS. Hospital information systems have become very advanced and new innovations are continuously being introduced. But a HIS is useless if it confuses the hospital employees. The system must be user friendly and should include training by the vendors. A good HIS offers numerous benefits to a hospital including but not limited to the delivery of quality patient care and better financial management. The HIS should also be patient centric, medical staff centric, affordable and scalable. The technology changes quickly and if the system is not flexible it will not be able to accommodate hospital growth. COMPONENTS It can be composed of one or a few software components with specialty-specific extensions as well as of a large variety of sub-systems in medical specialties * Laboratory Information System (LIS) * Radiology Information System (RIS) * Clinical Information System (CIS) * Nursing Information Systems (NIS) * Pharmacy Information System (PIS) SOFTWARE COMPONENT Software Component is a system element offering a predefined service or event, and able to communicate with other components. It should be : * Multiple-use * Non-context-specific * Compostable with other components (inter relationship with other components) * Encapsulated i.e., non-investigable through its interfaces * A unit of independent deployment and versioning Laboratory Information System (LIS) Laboratory Information System (LIS) is a software based laboratory and information management system that offers a set of key features that support a modern laboratory’s operations. Those key features include but are not limited to workflow and data tracking support, flexible architecture, and smart data exchange interfaces, which fully support its use in regulated environments. The features and uses of a LIMS have evolved over the years from simple sample tracking to an enterprise resource planning tool that manages multiple aspects of laboratory informatics. Due to the rapid pace at which laboratories and their data management needs shift, the definition of LIMS has become somewhat controversial. As the needs of the modern laboratory vary widely from lab to lab, what is needed from a laboratory information management system also shifts. The end result: the definition of a LIMS will shift based on who you ask and what their vision of the modern lab. Radiology Information System (RIS) A radiology information system (RIS) is a networked software suite for managing medical imagery and associated data. An RIS is especially useful for managing radiological records and associated data in a multiple locations and is often used in conjunction with a picture archiving and communication system (PACS) to manage work flow and billing. An RIS has several basic functions: Patient management * An RIS can track a patient’s entire workflow within the radiology department; images and reports can be added to and retrieved from electronic medical records (EMRs) and viewed by authorized radiology staff. Scheduling * Appointments can be made for both in- and out-patients with specific radiology staff. Patient tracking * A patient’s entire radiology history can be tracked from admission to discharge. The history can be coordinated with past, present and future appointments. Results reporting * An RIS can generate statistical reports for a single patient, group of patients or particular procedure. Film tracking * An RIS can track individual films and their associate data. Billing * An RIS facilitates detailed financial record-keeping, electronic payments and automated claims submission. Clinical Information System (CIS) Clinical Information System is a collection of various information technology applications that provides a centralized repository of information related to patient care across distributed locations. This repository represents the patient’s history of illnesses and interactions with providers by encoding knowledge capable of helping clinicians decide about the patient’s condition, treatment options, and wellness activities. The repository also encodes the status of decisions, actions underway for those decisions, and relevant information that can help in performing those actions. The database could also hold other information about the patient, including genetic, environmental, and social contexts. Features : * access the medical literature * ask clinical or administrative questions of aggregates of patient data, * receive automatic warnings or suggestions when the patient’s data satisfy certain logical rules * receive critiques when proposing therapies or ordering diagnostic tests, * access guidelines for standards of care * analyse trade-offs and the likelihood of alternative outcomes (decision analysis) * receive lists of differential diagnoses Nursing Information System (NIS) Nursing information systems is a type of health care management system. It helps nurses use their nursing skills and computer knowledge within a health care environment. A nursing information system has different features and benefits. Features Nurses can self-schedule work hours based on their work shift and departmental needs. Staff nurse managers or nursing administrators can review each nurse’s schedule and make approvals. Another nursing information system feature includes documenting patient care plans. Benefits One nursing information system benefit includes saving time. For instance, nursing managers can confirm a nurse’s work availability without contacting each nurse. Nurses can review a patient’s treatment plan when working outside the office, such as a home care nurse. Pharmacy Information System (PIS) Pharmacy information systems (PIS) are complex computer systems that have been designed to meet the needs of a pharmacy department. Through the use of such systems, pharmacists can supervise and have inputs on how medication is used in a hospital. Some of the activities which Pharmacy Information Systems have been employed in pharmacy departments include: Clinical Screening The Pharmacy Information System can assist in patient care by the monitoring of drug interactions, drug allergies and other possible medication-related complications. When a prescription order is entered, the system can check to see if there are any interactions between two or more drugs taken by the patient simultaneously or with any typical food, any known allergies to the drug, and if the appropriate dosage has been given based on the patient’s age, weight and other physiologic factors. Alerts and flags come up when the system picks up any of these. Prescription Management The Pharmacy Information System can also be used to manage prescription for inpatients and/or outpatients. When prescription orders are received, the orders are matched to available pharmaceutical products and then dispensed accordingly depending on whether the patient is an inpatient or outpatient. It is possible to track all prescriptions passed through the system from who prescribed the drug, when it was prescribed to when it was dispensed. It is also possible to print out prescription labels and instructions on how medication should be taken based on the prescription. Inventory Management Pharmacies require a continuous inventory culture in order to ensure that drugs do not go out of stock. This is made even more difficult when there are multiple dispensing points. When don manually it is very difficult to maintain an accurate inventory. Pharmacy Information Systems aid inventory management by maintaining an internal inventory of all pharmaceutical products, providing alerts when the quantity of an item is below a set quantity and providing an electronic ordering system that recommends the ordering of the affected item and with the appropriate quantity from approved suppliers. Patient Drug Profiles These are patient profiles managed by the Pharmacy Information System and contain details of their current and past medications, known allergies and physiological parameters. These profiles are used for used for clinical screening anytime a prescription is ordered for the patient. Report Generation Most Pharmacy Information Systems can generate reports which range from determining medication usage patterns in the hospital to the cost of drugs purchased and /or dispensed. Interactivity with other systems It is important that Pharmacy Information Systems should be able to interact with other available systems such as the clinical information systems to receive prescription orders and financial information system for billing and charging.